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https://docs.google.com/document/d/11oeWd4A0QxEHD3Wjmqz25CslH-TMj-nOuVez6o6Uzo0/edit?usp=sharing
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@ -16,20 +16,20 @@ die Methode getArea() von Rectangle benutzen können um die Fläche zu berechnen
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(Tip: im Square.java muessen sie eine Membervariable "private Rectangle square"
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definieren und diese im Konstruktor initialisieren. Dann koennen sie in getArea()
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von Square nur noch square.getArea() aufrufen. Dem sagt man *Delegation*)
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von Square nur noch square.getArea() aufrufen. Dem sagt man *_Delegation_*)
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Bitte geben sie den Code von den beiden Klassen Square.java und Rectangle.java per Upload oder in einem Textfile ab (copy/paste).
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Das erleichtert mir das korrigieren. Danke
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Delegate pattern
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11:56 min, E, YouTube, 2015
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Verweis: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xa04E1upEg0
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xa04E1upEg0
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Replace Inheritance With Delegation
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2:25 min, E, YouTube, 2014
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Verweis: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBJigWDBlGE
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QBJigWDBlGE
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Tutorial - Delegation In Java and Kotlin
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12:54 min, E, YouTube, 2017
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Verweis: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zfiohSIZtbo
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zfiohSIZtbo
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11
m226ab/3-Auftraege-Uebungen/A14-Collections.md
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11
m226ab/3-Auftraege-Uebungen/A14-Collections.md
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# Fragen zu "Collections
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Arbeiten sie das Kapitel 13 im Buch “Java 9 Grundlagen Programmierung” von Herdt-Campus durch und beantworen sie folgende Fragen:
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- Kann ein bestehnder Array vergrössert ohne dass der ganze Inhalt des Arrays umkopiert werden muss?
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- Kann zu einem bestehenden Array eine Element dazugefügt werden?
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- Kann eine LinkedList vergrössert werden ohne dass der ganze Inhalt der LinkedList umkopiert werden muss?
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- Kann zu einer ArrayList ein Element dazugfügt werden?
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- Wo im Beispiel der letzen Aufgabe mit dem PrinterController sollte man eine Collection einsetzen?
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Antworten in einen doc oder txt file abgeben.
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[Java 9 Grundlagen Programmierung](../2-Unterlagen/00-Buecher/Buch__Java_9_Grundlagen_Programmierung)
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@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
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# Grundsätze der OO-Programmierung
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## Historische Entwicklung der Programmierung
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** Einstiegsfrage**
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Wieso entstehen immer neue Programmiersprachen und Konzepte?
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Eine von vielen Websites zum Thema die gute Antworten zu der Einstiegsfrage liefert.
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- https://becoming-functional.com/a-brief-history-of-programming-c13d87b79337 <br>20 min.
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Optional zum anschauen falls ihr Lust und Zeit habt: Video zur Geschichte der Programmiersprachen:
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- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mhpslN-OD_o <br>15 min
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** Aufgabe dazu in Teams**
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Objektorientierte Programmierung vs. Prozedurale Programmierung
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Videos dazu Unterschieden zwischen Objektorientierter und Prozeduraler Programmierung an
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- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4DDSUYhJIFc <br>10 min
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- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ese5Udwgwzc <br>5 min
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## Grundsätze der Objektorientierten Programmierung
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Zum Lesen:
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- https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/object-oriented-programming-concepts-21bb035f7260/ <br>15 min
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- https://beginnersbook.com/2013/04/oops-concepts/ <br>15 min nur bis und mit Kapitel 4, wobei das wichtigste in Kapitel 4 steht.
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(siehe auch Kapitel 2 aus dem Buch Ruggerio, Compendio -> lesen.)
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Beschreiben sie mit eigenen Worten 4 von (oder alle) 6 Konzepte der OO-Programmierung.
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Abgabe als Text- oder PDF-Dokument.
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12
m226ab/3-Auftraege-Uebungen/A22-Wissensaneignung2.md
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12
m226ab/3-Auftraege-Uebungen/A22-Wissensaneignung2.md
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## Wissensaneignung 2 (OOP)
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- [Buch Java 9 Kap.1-7, E. Fuchs, 2017, HERDT](../2-Unterlagen/00-Buecher/Buch__Java_9_Grundlagen_Programmierung)
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Zeitbedarf 4-8 Std (Teils als Hausaufgabe)
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Lesen Sie Kapitel 1 bis Kapitel 7 (S. 88) aufmerksam durch und lösen Sie dann die Wissenstests 1 und 2.
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Die beiden Wissenstests sind als PDF zu speichern (Ausdrucken als PDF) und vor dem Fälligkeitsdatum hier hochzuladen.
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- [JAVA 9 Grundlagen 1 - Einführung, Programmentwicklung und grundlegende Sprachelemente](https://shop.herdt.com/quiz/jav9/java9e28093grundlagen1/quiz/#/quiz)
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- [JAVA 9 Grundlagen 2 - Kontrollstrukturen, Klassen, Attribute, Methoden](https://shop.herdt.com/quiz/jav9/java9e28093grundlagen2/quiz/#/quiz)
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(Die Wissenstests sind nicht Notenrelevant)
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# Klassen, Attribute, Methoden
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Das Kapitel 6 im Buch von E.Fuchs, Herdt sollten Sie schon durchgemacht haben (sonst jetzt nachholen).
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- Lösen Sie die Aufgabe auf Seite 78 in zeigen Sie die Lösung der LP oder geben sie als IntelliJ- oder Eclipse-Export ab (hochladen).
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[Java_9_Grundlagen_Programmierung -> S.62-78](../2-Unterlagen/00-Buecher/Buch__Java_9_Grundlagen_Programmierung/JAV9.pdf)
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Binary file not shown.
@ -0,0 +1,346 @@
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# Inheritance Polymorphism Composition
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Zeitbedarf: 120-240 min
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Bearbeiten Sie selbständig das Dokument inheritance_and_polymorphism.docx . Sie können sich helfen lassen, aber Sie müssen die Aufgabe selber lösen und auch auf Ihrem Rechner zeigen können.
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Sie werden dazu die vorgefertigten Code-Teile brauchen, die Sie in der Datei SocialNetwork.zip finden.
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Aus didaktischen Gründen werden Sie auf eine Falschprogrammierung geführt. Lassen Sie das zu und machen Sie alles im Detail durch und zeigen Sie der Lehrperson die Resultate und die Zwischenresultate.
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Wenn Sie fertig sind, geben Sie die Aufgabe ab oder zeigen Sie sie der LP.
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## start
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**Inheritance
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& Polymorphism**
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What we will learn:
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In this session we will look at the OO concept „inheritance“.
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We will learn what polymorphism means.
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We will also learn the concepts of overloading and overwriting.
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**Contents**
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> [Wrong Programming 2](#_Toc24395775)
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> [1.1 Extending a Social-Network Simulator in the wrong way 2](#_Toc24395776)
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> [1.1.1 Exercise – Adding an Event Post 2](#_Toc24395777)
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> [1.1.2 Exercise – Extending the NewsFeed class with
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> EventPost 2](#_Toc24395778)
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> [2 Using Inheritance 4](#_Toc24395779)
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> [2.1 Analysis of the wrong solution 4](#_Toc24395780)
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> [2.2 Step-by-step to better coding 4](#_Toc24395781)
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> [2.2.1 Exercise – create a new Post class as superclass 5](#_Toc24395782)
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> [2.2.2 Exercise – Simplifying the NewsFeed Class 5](#_Toc24395783)
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> [2.3 Final product 5](#_Toc24395784)
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> [2.3.1 Simple print-out and a smarter print-out of
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> attributes 6](#_Toc24395785)
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> [2.4 Some Information on Overriding methods 6](#_Toc24395786)
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> [3 Exercises for Competences in the First Column 7](#_Toc24395787)
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> [3.1 Exercise – Understanding Symbols 7](#_Toc24395788)
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> [3.2 Exercise – New Project “Flix-Bus Switzerland” 7](#_Toc24395789)
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> [3.3 Exercise – Including inheritance 8](#_Toc24395790)
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> [3.4 Alternative Exercise – Your own example 8](#_Toc24395791)
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> [3.5 Exercise – Relations 8](#_Toc24395792)
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> [3.6 Exercise – Managing your trips 8](#_Toc24395793)
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> [3.7 Exercise – Overriding Methods 9](#_Toc24395794)
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> [3.8 Exercise –Overloading Methods 9](#_Toc24395795)
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> [3.9 Exercise – UML Classdiagram (1A) 9](#_Toc24395796)
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> [3.9.1 Exercise – Testing (3A) 9](#_Toc24395797)
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#
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Wrong Programming
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## Extending a Social-Network Simulator in the wrong way
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In order to understand the benefits of inheritance, we’re going program a social
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network simulator …. and program it in the wrong way first. We will notice how
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this approach makes maintenance and extensions more difficult and complex.
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We want a program with following classes:
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MessagePost Class for messages.
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PhotoPost Class for photos.
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NewsFeed Class has a collection of message and photo posts.
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Install the classes from the downloaded source folder.
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Each post class has a display-method to print details of the post.
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### Exercise – Adding an Event Post
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Extend the SocialNetwork by adding a new type of post:
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EventPost Class for events.
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The class has following attributes:
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private String author;
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private long timeStamp;
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private int pages;
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private int likes;
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private ArrayList\<String\> comments;
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Implement the constructor and necessary methods accordingly.
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### Exercise – Extending the NewsFeed class with EventPost
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Now we obviously have to add this new post type to our *NewsFeed* class.
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private ArrayList\<EventPost\> events;
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Further, we have to initialize this list also in the constructor. And add the
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necessary methods.
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**Analysis:**
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Obviously, this approach is very tiring and error-prone.
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List down the main problems with this approach:
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#
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Using Inheritance
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## Analysis of the wrong solution
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One main problem is the duplicated code we are adding. Most attributes in all
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three post classes are the same.
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And we have to extend the NewsFeed class, with code which is repetitive and
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cumbersome. Mistakes can happen easily while extending the code. We might even
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break existing code.
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And there’s more: if we decide to change the comment attribute from
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ArrayList\<String\> to ArrayList\<Comment\> we have to change this at several
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points in the code.
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Idea: When we extend our program, we only want to add the new classes. But we
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don’t want to change the remaining classes. For example, when we add a new post
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class, we don’t want to change the NewsFeed class.
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## Step-by-step to better coding
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Inheritance is an important concept in object-orientated programming. Classes
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can inherit from other classes. This means a class can inherit attributes and
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methods from another class.
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In a first step we want to implement a *Post* class which unifies all shared
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attributes of the several post classes. From this super class all post classes
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will inherit attributes and methods. If necessary, a post class can have its own
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special attributes.
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This is how inheritance is programmed in Java:
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### Exercise – create a new Post class as superclass
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Identify the common attributes of the post classes and add these to a new Post
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class. This class is the superclass of all other post classes.
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The new structure should look like this:
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### Exercise – Simplifying the NewsFeed Class
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Refactor the *NewsFeed* class accordingly. We want one *ArrayList* which deals
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with all posts.
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## Final product
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The **NewsFeed** class only works with the new **Post** class and does not have
|
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any knowledge of the subclasses.
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This will simplify any extensions we do later.
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### Simple print-out and a smarter print-out of attributes
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Make sure that your superclass *Post* has the *display()* method.
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|
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1. We want a simple print-out of the general attributes which every post has.
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|
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1. Now
|
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also include the special attributes of each extended post subclass. What
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must you do in the method of the subclass in order to combine both
|
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attributes (from superclass and subclass)?
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|
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- Show your results to the teacher.
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|
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## Some Information on Overriding methods
|
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|
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When printing out attributes you have to see that the superclass and subclasses
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work together. Especially you have to make sure that the print-method of the
|
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superclass is overridden in the subclass. You’ll find some tips on this on
|
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following websites:
|
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|
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<http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/IandI/override.html>
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|
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<https://beginnersbook.com/2014/01/method-overriding-in-java-with-example/>
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| Notes | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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|-------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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|
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#
|
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Exercises for Competences in the First Column
|
||||
|
||||
Do following exercises and use the internet to research for definitions or
|
||||
examples.
|
||||
|
||||
Exercises 1 – 6 will show that you have understood the basic concept of
|
||||
inheritance and that you can use overriding and overloading of methods.
|
||||
Exercises 7 and 8 show that you can draw a design in detail (with IS and HAS
|
||||
relationships) and that you can implement unit-tests.
|
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|
||||
## Exercise – Understanding Symbols
|
||||
|
||||
Look at following diagrams and use examples from our daily lives (school, work,
|
||||
etc.) to show the different relationships. Fill in the blanks:
|
||||
|
||||
IS-Relation HAS-Relation
|
||||
|
||||
## Exercise – New Project “Flix-Bus Switzerland”
|
||||
|
||||
We want to implement a small system which simulates a national bus service in
|
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Switzerland. The company “Flix-Bus” offers services to national but also
|
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international destinations. (-\> see similar exercise “Airport” in the compendio
|
||||
book).
|
||||
|
||||
Our system should have following classes:
|
||||
|
||||
Class Responsibility
|
||||
|
||||
> BusTerminal has all information which bus leaves from which platform
|
||||
> List of platforms, Name of Terminal
|
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|
||||
> Platform has a number and information about bus type
|
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> Platform number, platform size, bus service (national or international), bus
|
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> type (small or large), occupied or not occupied
|
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|
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Travel has all specific information about a bus trip
|
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Destination, departure time, arrival time, national or international
|
||||
|
||||
> Bus has all information of the bus type
|
||||
> bus type (double decker, single), passenger capacity, comfort (basic or 1st
|
||||
> class)
|
||||
|
||||
- Before you start coding, do a design (UML classdiagram) of the relationships
|
||||
between classes. This is part of competence 1A.
|
||||
|
||||
## Exercise – Including inheritance
|
||||
|
||||
Flix-bus
|
||||
wants to make sure that the bus terminal can deal with different types of buses.
|
||||
In order to do this, your system should make a distinction between the vehicles
|
||||
they use. Flix-bus uses double decker coaches for international destinations and
|
||||
a smaller, single-floored bus for national destinations.
|
||||
|
||||
Be creative and implement a form of inheritance.
|
||||
|
||||
Class Responsibility
|
||||
|
||||
Vehicle has all basic information about the vehicle
|
||||
|
||||
## Alternative Exercise – Your own example
|
||||
|
||||
You can also implement your own example to show an interaction between a
|
||||
hierarchy of classes and a managing or data-pool class which can deal with these
|
||||
different types. Maybe you want to start be defining some unit test cases: How
|
||||
could you write a unit test before you have the code?
|
||||
|
||||
- See also the “Airport” example in the compendio book (see OneDrive folder)
|
||||
|
||||
## Exercise – Relations
|
||||
|
||||
Implement a main program which instantiates the objects and creates a working
|
||||
object-hierarchy.
|
||||
|
||||
Our application should allow the user to do following:
|
||||
|
||||
Check times when bus leaves on platform. The user can also generate a new trip
|
||||
with a bus and the system checks what platform is available for that time.
|
||||
Implement a text-based user interface which allows the user to see the schedule.
|
||||
For example: when does the bus leave for Munich and on which platform?
|
||||
|
||||
## Exercise – Managing your trips
|
||||
|
||||
Make sure that the platforms are correct for the right buses. All platforms can
|
||||
be used for national buses, but only a few platforms are big enough to hold
|
||||
international buses.
|
||||
|
||||
## Exercise – Overriding Methods
|
||||
|
||||
One common OO feature is *overriding* methods. Use method overriding to
|
||||
implement a *print-out.*
|
||||
|
||||
## Exercise –Overloading Methods
|
||||
|
||||
The second common feature is *overloading* methods. Do some research on this
|
||||
topic. Then show that you have understood this feature by implementing this in
|
||||
your project.
|
||||
|
||||
## Exercise – UML Classdiagram (1A)
|
||||
|
||||
You did a design before you started implementation. Now draw a UML-classdiagram
|
||||
which shows the relationships of your project (in particular IS- and HAS
|
||||
relationships). Use a tool to do this.
|
||||
|
||||
- Show your finished design to your teacher.
|
||||
|
||||
## Exercise – Testing (3A)
|
||||
|
||||
Note down essential test cases which prove that your application works. Get a
|
||||
colleague to do the testing for you.
|
||||
|
||||
Based on a script by Rinaldo Lanza, BBW. Adapted by Julian Käser. Latest version
|
||||
Nov. 2019
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
|
||||
# Uebung zu Vererbung, Polymorphismus, Casting
|
||||
|
||||
Zeitbedarf ca. 40-60 min.
|
||||
|
||||
Laden Sie den Code herunter und lösen Sie alle Probleme die darin "versteckt" sind indem Sie auch die Kommentare ganz genau lesen und die Empfehlungen dort verfolgen.
|
||||
<https://gitlab.com/harald.mueller/java_m226>
|
||||
Geben Sie hier im Auftrag alle vier *.java*-Files ab (alle einzeln - kein zip-File !)
|
||||
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@ -17,6 +17,9 @@ Es müssen alle Elemente im Buch M226 von Ruggerio, Compendio von Kap. 5 bis 11,
|
||||
- Wer das Minimum des Kap. 13 macht, kann maximal die Note 4.7 erreichen.
|
||||
- Wer ein eigenes Projekt "gut" abschliesst inkl. "Doku", "JavaDoc" und "JUnit-Tests", kann eine Note 6 machen. |
|
||||
|
||||
UML-Tools
|
||||
- https://staruml.io/download
|
||||
- https://umletino.com
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user