PHP/Windows Installation Notes
==============================
Installation on Windows 9x/Me/NT/2000/XP systems
=============================================
There are two main ways to install PHP for Windows: either
manually or by using the InstallShield installer.
Windows InstallShield
=====================
The Windows PHP installer is available from the downloads page at
www.php.net. This installs the CGI version of PHP and, for IIS, PWS,
and Xitami, configures the web server as well.
Note that this version does *NOT* install any extensions or server
api versions of PHP.
Install your selected HTTP server on your system and make sure
that it works.
Run the executable installer and follow the instructions provided by
the installation wizard. Two types of installation are supported -
standard, which provides sensible defaults for all the settings it
can, and advanced, which asks questions as it goes along.
The installation wizard gathers enough information to set up the
php.ini file and configure the web server to use PHP.
For IIS and also PWS on NT Workstation, a list of all the
nodes on the server with script map settings is displayed, and you
can choose those nodes to which you wish to add the PHP script
mappings.
Once the installation has completed the installer will inform you
if you need to restart your system, restart the server, or just
start using PHP.
Windows Manual installation from zip binary distribution
========================================================
This install guide will help you manually install and configure
PHP on your Windows 9x/Me/NT/2000/XP webservers. This guide was compiled by
Bob Silva. The original version can be found at
http://www.umesd.k12.or.us/php/win32install.html
This guide provides manual installation support for:
Personal Web Server 3 and 4 or newer
Internet Information Server 3 and 4 or newer
Apache 1.3.x
OmniHTTPd 2.0b1 and up
Oreilly Website Pro
Xitami
Netscape Enterprise Server, iPlanet
PHP 4 for Windows comes in two flavours - a CGI executable (php.exe),
and several SAPI modules (for exapmle php4isapi.dll). The latter form
is new to PHP 4, and provides significantly improved performance and
some new functionality. However, please note that the SAPI modules
are *NOT* yet considered to be production quality.
In particular, with the ISAPI module, you are likely to encounter serious
reliability problems especially on platforms older than W2K - you may
witness a lot of server 500 errors and suffer from other server modules
such as ASP also failing. You have been warned!
The reason for this is that the PHP SAPI modules are using the
thread-safe version of the PHP code, which is new to PHP 4, and has
not yet been tested and pounded enough to be considered completely
stable, and there are actually a few known bugs. On the other hand,
some people have reported very good results with the SAPI modules,
and there a few reports of problems with the Apache module version.
In short - your mileage may vary; If you need
absolute stability, trade the performance of the SAPI modules
with the stability of the CGI executable.
If you choose one of the SAPI modules and use Windows 95, be sure
to download the DCOM update from
http://download.microsoft.com/msdownload/dcom/95/x86/en/dcom95.exe"
For the ISAPI module, an ISAPI 4.0 compliant Web server
is required (tested on IIS 4.0, PWS 4.0 and IIS 5.0). IIS 3.0 is
*NOT* supported; You should download and install the Windows NT 4.0
Option Pack with IIS 4.0 if you want native PHP support.
The following steps should be performed on all installations
before the server specific instructions.
Extract the distribution file to a directory of your choice.
C:\PHP\ is a good start.
You need to ensure that the dlls which php uses can be found. The precise
dlls involved depend on which web server you use and whether you want to
run php as a cgi or as a server module. php4ts.dll is always used. If you are
using a server module (e.g. isapi or apache) then you will need the relevent
dll from the sapi folder. If you are using any php extension dlls then you
will need those as well. To make sure that the dlls can be found, you can
either copy them to the system directory (e.g. winnt/system32 or
windows/system) or you can make sure that they live in the same directory
as the main php executable or dll your web server will use (e.g. php.exe,
php4apache.dll).
Copy the file, php.ini-dist to your %WINDOWS% directory on
Windows 95/98 or to your %SYSTEMROOT% directory under Windows NT,
Windows 2000 or Windows XP and rename it to php.ini. Your %WINDOWS% or
%SYSTEMROOT% directory is typically:
c:\windows for Windows 95/98
c:\winnt or c:\winnt40 for NT/2000/XP servers
Edit your php.ini file:
You will need to change the 'extension_dir' setting to
point to your php-install-dir, or where you have placed
your 'php_*.dll' files. ex: c:\php
If you are using OmniHTTPd, do not follow the next step.
Set the 'doc_root' to point to your webservers
document_root. ex: c:\apache\htdocs or c:\webroot
Choose which extensions you would like to load when PHP
starts, noting that several extensions are already built
into the Windows release, see the section about
Windows extensions for details of the built-in extensions.
You can uncomment the: 'extension=php_*.dll' lines
in php.ini to load these extensions.
Note that on a new installation it is advisable to first get
PHP working and tested without any extensions before enabling
them in php.ini.
On PWS and IIS, you can set the browscap.ini
to point to: 'c:\windows\system\inetsrv\browscap.ini' on
Windows 9x/Me and 'c:\winnt\system32\inetsrv\browscap.ini'
on NT/2000/XP Server.
More information on the capabilities of browscap can be found here:
http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.get-browser.php
Note that the mibs directory supplied with the Windows distribution
contains support files for SNMP. This directory should be moved to
DRIVE:\usr\mibs (DRIVE being the drive where PHP is installed.)
Installation of Windows extensions
==================================
After installing PHP and a webserver on Windows, you will
probably want to install some extensions for added functionality.
The following table describes some of the extensions available. As
described in the manual installation steps, you can choose which
extensions you would like to load when PHP starts by uncommenting the:
extension=php_*.dll' lines in php.ini.
ATTENTION! ATTENTION! ATTENTION!
Some extra DLLs are required for some PHP extensions. Please copy the
bundled dlls from the 'dlls/' directory in distribution package to your
windows/system (Win9.x) or winnt/system32 (WinNT, Win2000, XP) directory.
If you already have these DLLs installed on your system,
overwrite them only if something is not working correctly.
Before overwriting them, it is a good idea to backup them or move them to
another folder - just in case something goes wrong.
Download the latest version of the Microsoft Data Access Components (MDAC)
for your platform, especially Microsoft Windows 9x/NT4 users.
MDAC is available at http://www.microsoft.com/data/ .
Also note that some extensions need 3rd party libraries,
e.g. php_oci8.dll needs the Oracle 8 client libraries to be installed
on your system. These are not bundled with PHP distribution.
ATTENTION! ATTENTION! ATTENTION!
The DLLs for PHP extensions are prefixed with 'php_'. This
prevents confusion between PHP extensions and their supporting
libraries.
Note:
In PHP 4.0.5 MySQL, ODBC, FTP, Calendar, BCMath, COM, PCRE,
Session, WDDX and XML support is built-in. You don't need to
load any additional extensions in order to use these functions.
Examples of PHP Extensions
php_dbase.dll dBase functions
php_filepro.dll Read-only access to Filepro databases
php_gd.dll GD library functions for GIF manipulation
php_hyperwave.dll HyperWave functions
php_imap.dll IMAP functions
php_ldap.dll LDAP functions
php_mssql.dll MSSQL client (requires MSSQL DB-Libraries)
php_snmp.dll SNMP get and walk functions (NT only!)
php_zlib.dll ZLib compression functions
For more information see the section about Windows extensions at
http://www.php.net/manual/en/install-windows.php#install.windows.extensions
Web server configuration
========================
Due to a security issue with PHP on various win32 webservers, we have
enabled functionality to disable calls to the php binary directly. This
has meant we have 2 new php ini lines:
cgi.force_redirect 0|1
cgi.redirect_status_env ENV_VAR_NAME
if cgi.force_redirect is turned on, and you are not running under Apache or Netscape
(iPlanet) web servers, you MAY need to set an environment variable name that PHP
will look for to know it is OK to continue execution. Setting this variable MAY
cause security issues, KNOW WHAT YOU ARE DOING FIRST.
if you are unsure, set cgi.force_redirect to 1, and see if your scripts execute.
Installing PHP on Windows with Apache 1.3.x
There are two ways to set up PHP to work with Apache 1.3.x
on Windows. One is to use the CGI binary (php.exe),
the other is to use the Apache module dll. In either case
you need to stop the Apache server, and edit your
srm.conf or httpd.conf to configure Apache to work with PHP.
Although there can be a few variations of configuring PHP
under Apache, these are simple enough to be used by the
newcomer. Please consult the Apache Docs for further
configuration directives.
Now that version 4.1 introduces a safer sapi module, we recommend
that you configure PHP as a module in Apache.
To do this, you should move php4ts.dll to the windows/system (for Windows 9x/Me)
or winnt/system32 (for Windows NT/2000/XP) directory, overwriting any
older file. Then you should add the following three lines to your Apache
conf file: (swap c:/php/ for your PHP install path)
LoadModule php4_module c:/php/sapi/php4apache.dll
AddModule mod_php4.c
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
If you wish to install PHP as a CGI binary, (the sapi is much better)
you need to enable the apache security fix in your php.ini by
setting cgi.force_redirect = 1. Then, insert these lines to your conf file:
ScriptAlias /php/ "c:/php/"
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
Action application/x-httpd-php "/php/php.exe"
Please note that you cannot use php-cli.exe with your webserver. You have
to use php.exe which can be found in the sapi directory of your
PHP distribution.
As a further precaution, we recommend you change the "/php/"
ScriptAlias to something more random, to prevent any attempts to
call your binary (like the Code Red scripts) for returning a response
other than 404.
Remember when you have finished to restart the server, for example,
NET STOP APACHE
followed by
NET START APACHE
To use the source code highlighting feature, add the following
line to your apache httpd.conf file:
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
Note, this will only work when you install php as a sapi module.
If you wish to use this feature with the cgi binary, create a new
file, and use the show_source("path/to/original_file.php"); function.
On Win-Apache all backslashes in a path statement such
as: "c:\directory\file.ext", must be converted to
forward slashes.
----------------------------------------------------------
Installing PHP on Windows with IIS/PWS
This section contains notes and hints specific to IIS (Microsoft
Internet Information Server). Installing PHP for PWS/IIS 3 and
PWS/IIS 4 or newer versions.
Windows and PWS/IIS 3 - including PWS on Win 9x/ME
The recommended method for configuring these servers is to use
the REG file incuded with the distribution (pws-php4cgi.reg).
You may want to edit this file and make sure the extensions and PHP
install directories match your configuration - once you have done
this, just double click on the file and it will update your registry.
Alternatively, you can follow the steps below to do it manually.
WARNING:
These steps involve working directly with the Windows
registry. One error here can leave your system in an unstable
state. We highly recommend that you back up your registry
first. The PHP Development team will not be held responsible if
you damage your registry.
Run Regedit.
Navigate to:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/System/CurrentControlSet/Services/W3Svc/Parameters/ScriptMap
On the edit menu select: New->String Value.
Type in the extension you wish to use for your php scripts. ex: .php
Double click on the new string value and enter the path to
php.exe in the value data field.
ex: c:\php\sapi\php.exe
Repeat these steps for each extension you wish to associate
with PHP scripts.
Please note that you cannot use php-cli.exe with your webserver, you need
to use php.exe which can be found in the sapi directory of your PHP
distribution.
The following steps do not affect the web server installation and only
apply if you want your php scripts to be executed when they are run
from the command line (ex. run c:\myscripts\test.php) or by double
clicking on them in a directory viewer window. You may wish to skip
this step as you might prefer the php files to load into a text
editor when you double click on them.
Now navigate to: HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT
On the edit menu select: New->Key
Name the key to the extension you setup in the previous
section. ex: .php
Highlight the new key and in the right side pane, double click
the "default value" and enter phpfile.
Repeat the last step for each extension you set up in the
previous section.
Now create another New->Key under
HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT and name it phpfile
Highlight the new key 'phpfile' and in the
right side pane, double click the "default value" and enter
PHP Script.
Right click on the 'phpfile' key and select
New->Key, name it Shell.
Right click on the 'Shell' key and select
New->Key, name it open.
Right click on the 'open' key and select
New->Key, name it command.
Highlight the new key 'command' and in the
right side pane, double click the "default value" and enter
the path to php.exe ex: c:\php\php.exe -q %1
(don't forget the '%1').
Exit Regedit.
If using PWS on Windows, reboot to reload the registry.
PWS and IIS 3 users now have a fully operational system. IIS 3
users can use a nifty tool available at
http://www.genusa.com/iis/iiscfg.html
from Steven Genusa to configure their script maps.
Windows NT/2000/XP and IIS 4 or newer and PWS 4 on NT Workstation or W2K non server editions
To install PHP on an NT/2000/XP Server running IIS 4 or newer,
follow these instructions. You have two options to set up
PHP, using the CGI binary (php.exe) or with the ISAPI module.
In either case, you need to start the Microsoft Management
Console (may appear as 'Internet Services Manager', either
in your Windows NT 4.0 Option Pack branch or the Control
Panel=>Administrative Tools under Windows 2000). Then
right click on your Web server node (this will most probably
appear as 'Default Web Server'), and select 'Properties'.
If you want to use the CGI binary, do the following:
Under 'Home Directory', 'Virtual Directory', or
'Directory', click on the 'Configuration' button,
and then enter the App Mappings tab.
Click Add, and in the Executable box, type:
c:\php\sapi\php.exe (assuming that you have unzipped PHP in c:\php\).
Please note that you cannot use php-cli.exe with your webserver, you need
to use php.exe which can be found in the sapi directory of your PHP
distribution.
In the Extension box, type the file name extension you want
associated with PHP scripts. Leave 'Method exclusions'
blank, and check the Script engine checkbox. You may also
like to check the 'check that file exists' box - for a small
performance penalty, IIS (or PWS) will check that the script
file exists and sort out authentication before firing up php.
This means that you will get sensible 404 style error messages
instead of cgi errors complaing that php did not output any data.
You must repeat from 'Click Add...' for each extension you
want associated with PHP scripts.
(.php is recommended. although .phtml and .php3 may be
required for legacy applications.)
Set up the appropriate security. (This is done in Internet
Service Manager), and if your NT Server uses NTFS file system,
add execute rights for I_USR_ to the directory that contains
php.exe
To use the ISAPI module, do the following:
If you don't want to perform HTTP Authentication using PHP,
you can (and should) skip this step. Under ISAPI Filters,
add a new ISAPI filter. Use PHP as the filter name, and
supply a path to the php4isapi.dll.
Under 'Home Directory', click on the 'Configuration' button.
Add a new entry to the Application Mappings. Use the path
to the php4isapi.dll as the Executable, supply .php as the
extension, leave Method exclusions blank, and check the
Script engine checkbox.
Stop IIS completely (net stop iisadmin)
Start IIS again (net start w3svc)
----------------------------------------------------------
Installing PHP on Windows with OmniHTTPd Server
This section contains notes and hints specific to
OmniHTTPd 2.0b1 and up for Windows
This has got to be the easiest config there is:
Step 1: Install OmniHTTPd server.
Step 2: Right click on the blue OmniHTTPd icon in the system
tray and select 'Properties'
Step 3: Click on 'Web Server Global Settings'
Step 4: On the 'External' tab, enter:
virtual = .php | actual = c:\php\sapi\php.exe
and use the Add button.
Step 5: On the Mime tab, enter:
virtual = wwwserver/stdcgi | actual = .php
and use the Add button.
Step 6: Click 'OK'
Repeat steps 2 - 6 for each extension you want to associate with PHP.
NOTE:
Some OmniHTTPd packages come with built in PHP support.
You can choose at setup time to do a custom setup, and
uncheck the PHP component. We recommend you to use the latest
PHP binaries. Some OmniHTTPd servers come with PHP 4 beta
distributions, so you should choose not to set up
the built in support, but install your own. If the server
is already on your machine, use the Replace button in Step
4 and 5 to set the new, correct information.
----------------------------------------------------------
Installing PHP on Windows with Oreilly Website Pro
This section contains notes and hints specific to Oreilly
Website Pro 2.5 and up for Windows
This list describes how to set up the PHP CGI binary
or the ISAPI module to work with Oreilly Website Pro
on Windows.
Edit the Server Properties and select the tab "Mapping".
From the List select "Associations" and enter the desired
extension (".php") and the path to the CGI exe (ex. c:\php\sapi\php.exe)
or the ISAPI dll file (ex. c:\php\sapi\php4isapi.dll).
Please note that you cannot use php-cli.exe with your webserver, you need
to use php.exe which can be found in the sapi directory of your PHP
distribution.
Select "Content Types" add the same extension ".php"
and enter the content type. If you choose the CGI exe
file, enter 'wwwserver/shellcgi', if you chose the
ISAPI module, enter 'wwwserver/isapi' (both without quotes).
----------------------------------------------------------
Installing PHP on Windows with Xitami
This section contains notes and hints specific to Xitami.
This list describes how to set up the PHP CGI binary
to work with Xitami on Windows.
Make sure the webserver is running, and point
your browser to xitamis admin console
(usually http://127.0.0.1/admin), and click on
Configuration.
Navigate to the Filters, and put the
extension which php should parse (i.e. .php)
into the field File extensions (.xxx).
In Filter command or script put the path and name
of your php executable i.e. c:\php\sapi\php.exe.
Please note that you cannot use php-cli.exe with your webserver, you need
to use php.exe which can be found in the sapi directory of your PHP
distribution.
Press the 'Save' icon.
----------------------------------------------------------
Installing PHP on Windows with Netscape servers.
To Install PHP as CGI (for Netscape Enterprise Server, iPlanet, perhaps Fastrack)
Copy php4ts.dll to your systemroot (the directory where you installed windows)
Make a file assocition from the command line (type the 2 following lines)
assoc .php=PHPScript
ftype PHPScript=c:\php\sapi\php.exe %1 %*
Please note that you cannot use php-cli.exe with your webserver, you need
to use php.exe which can be found in the sapi directory of your PHP
distribution.
In the Netscape Enterprise Administration Server create a dummy shellcgi
directory and remove it just after (this step creates 5 important lines in
obj.conf and allow the web server to handle shellcgi scripts)
In the Netscape Enterprise Administration Server create a new mime type
(Category:type,Content-Type:magnus-internal/shellcgi,File Suffix:php)
Do it for each web server instance you want php to run
More details http://benoit.noss.free.fr/php/install-php.html
To Install PHP as NSAPI (for Netscape Enterprise Server, iPlanet, perhaps Fastrack)
Copy php4ts.dll to your systemroot (the directory where you installed windows)
Make a file assocition from the command line (type the 2 following lines)
assoc .php=PHPScript
ftype PHPScript=c:\php\php.exe %1 %*
In the Netscape Enterprise Administration Server create a new mime type
(Category:type,Content-Type:magnus-internal/x-httpd-php,File Suffix:php)
Stop your web service and edit obj.conf
At the end of the Init section, place these 2 lines (necessarily after mime type init!)
Init fn="load-modules" funcs="php4_init,php4_close,php4_execute,php4_auth_trans" shlib="c:/php/sapi/php4nsapi.dll"
Init fn="php4_init" errorString="Failed to initialise PHP!"
In The < Object name="default" > section, place this line necessarily after all 'ObjectType' and before all 'AddLog' lines!
Service fn="php4_execute" type="magnus-internal/x-httpd-php"
At the end of the file, create a new object called x-httpd-php, by inserting this lines
Restart your web service and apply changes
Do it for each web server instance you want php to run
More details http://benoit.noss.free.fr/php/install-php4.html
----------------------------------------------------------
Problems?
=========
Read the FAQ
Some problems are more common than others. The most common ones
are listed in the PHP FAQ, found at www.php.net/FAQ.php
Common problems with Windows
The following problems often occur with IIS/PWS, but some points may
also apply to other servers.
For test purposes it is best to use just a simple test script. One
containing just the following line will suffice:
You have installed PHP, but when try to access a php script file via your
browser, you get a blank screen:
Do a 'view source' in the web browser and you will probably find that you
can see the source code of your php script. This means that the web server
did not send the script to php for interpretation. Something is wrong with
the server configuration - double check the server configuration against
the php installation instructions.
You have installed PHP, but when try to access a php script file via your
browser, you get a server 500 error:
Something went wrong when the server tried to run PHP. To get to see a
sensible error message, from the command line, change to the directory
containing php.exe and run php.exe -i
If php has any problems running, then a suitable error message will be displayed
which will give you a clue as to what needs to be done next.
If you get a screen full of html codes (the output of the phpinfo() function) then
php is working ok, and your problem may be related to your server configuration
which you should double check.
You have installed PHP, but when try to access a php script file via your
browser, you get the error:
cgi error:
The specified CGI application misbehaved by not returning a complete set of
HTTP headers. The headers it did return are:
This error message means that php failed to output anything at all.
From the command line hange to the directory containing php.exe. Run
php.exe -i
If php has any problems running, then a suitable
error message will be displayed which will give you a clue as to what needs to
be done next. If you get a screen full of html codes (the output of the
phpinfo() function) then php is working ok.
Once php is working at the command line, try accessing the php script via the browser again.
If it still fails then it could be one of the following:
file permissions on your php script, php.exe, php4ts.dll, php.ini or any php
extensions you are trying to load are such that the anonymous internet user
ISUR_ cannot access them.
The script file does not exist (or possibly isn't where you think it is
relative to your web root directory). Note that for IIS you can trap this error by ticking
the 'check file exists' box when setting up the script mappings in the Internet Services
Manager. If a script file does not exist then the server will return a 404 error instead.
There is also the additional benefit that IIS will do any authentication required for you
based on the NTLanMan permissions on your script file.
Other problems
If you are still stuck, someone on the PHP installation mailing list may be
able to help you. You should check out the archive first, in case
someone already answered someone else who had the same problem as
you. The archives are available from the support page on www.php.net
To subscribe to the PHP installation mailing list, send an empty mail to:
php-install-subscribe@lists.php.net
The mailing list address is php-install@lists.php.net
If you want to get help on the mailing list, please try to be
precise and give the necessary details about your environment
(which operating system, what PHP version, what web server, if
ou are running PHP as CGI or a server module, etc.), and
referably enough code to make others able to reproduce and test
our problem.
Bug reports
===========
If you think you have found a bug in PHP, please report it. The
PHP developers probably don't know about it, and unless you
report it, chances are it won't be fixed. You can report bugs
using the bug-tracking system at http://bugs.php.net/
Read the Bugs-Dos-And-Donts at
http://bugs.php.net/bugs-dos-and-donts.php
_BEFORE_ submitting any bug reports!